What an AMF Panel Does, and What We Build
AMF stands for Auto Mains Failure. The panel watches the incoming utility supply, and when it fails or drifts outside limits it starts the diesel generator, waits for the set to reach stable voltage and frequency, and transfers the load. When the mains returns and stays healthy for a set time, it transfers back and stops the engine after a cooling run. The whole cycle happens with nobody present, which is the entire point.
Wisdom Techno Solutions builds AMF panels at our Vadodara works for factories, hospitals, data rooms, water works and commercial buildings. The mains-sensing thresholds, the timers and the load-shedding rules are set against your supply conditions and your load, because a panel with default timers on an unstable supply either starts the engine constantly or too late.
- Mains sensing on all three phases: under-voltage, over-voltage, phase failure, phase sequence
- Automatic engine start with configurable crank attempts, crank rest and start failure lockout
- Break-before-make changeover — mechanically and electrically interlocked, so the two sources can never parallel
- Return-to-mains after a stability delay, then a cooling run before the engine stops
- Battery charger, engine protections and remote annunciation as specified
- Non-essential load shedding, so the DG picks up only what it must
From a single 25 kVA standby set to a 1500 kVA installation with load shedding and remote monitoring, the specifications below cover our standard build.
AMF Panel Technical Specifications
The table below is the standard build. Mains-sensing thresholds, timers and the load-shedding schedule are configured per project against your supply conditions.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Panel type | AMF — Auto Mains Failure panel, sensing the mains, starting the generator and transferring load automatically |
| Rated operational voltage (Ue) | 415 V AC, 3-phase 4-wire (up to 690 V on request) |
| Rated insulation voltage (Ui) | 1000 V |
| Rated frequency | 50 Hz |
| Busbar system rating | Up to 6300 A on the Rittal Ri4Power licensed system |
| Short-circuit withstand (Icw) | Declared per project against the system fault level and the licensed system's verified configuration |
| Applicable standard | IEC 61439-1 and IEC 61439-2 / IS-IEC 61439 Part 1 and Part 2 |
| Form of internal separation | Form 1 to Form 4B (Form 4B Type II on the C&S CX licensed system) |
| Sources | One mains supply and one diesel generator |
| Changeover type | Break before make — electrically and mechanically interlocked; the sources never parallel |
| Changeover device | Motorised ACB or MCCB pair, contactor pair, or a changeover switch, sized to the load |
| Mains sensing | Three-phase under-voltage, over-voltage, phase failure and phase sequence |
| Timers | Mains failure delay, start delay, load transfer delay, mains return stability delay, cooling run |
| Engine start | Configurable crank attempts, crank duration, rest between attempts, start failure lockout |
| Engine protections | Low lube oil pressure, high coolant temperature, over-speed, low fuel, battery low |
| Controller | AMF controller or genset controller as specified — DeepSea, ComAp or equivalent |
| Metering | Mains and DG side: V, A, kW, PF, Hz, kWh, engine running hours |
| Indication | Mains available, DG running, load on mains, load on DG, common alarm and trip |
| Load shedding | Non-essential feeders shed on transfer to DG, restored on return to mains, as specified |
| Battery charger | Float and boost charger for the engine start battery |
| Remote interface | Potential-free contacts, or Modbus RTU / Modbus TCP where specified |
| Control supply | 24 V DC from the engine battery, with AC control supply where required |
| Busbar material | Electrical grade aluminium or copper |
| Control wiring | 660 / 1100 V grade PVC-insulated stranded copper, ferruled and numbered |
| Degree of protection | IP42 / IP52 / IP54 / IP55 / IP65 |
| Gasketing | Rubber gasket on doors and removable covers, to suit the declared IP rating |
| Enclosure material | MS CRCA sheet steel; stainless steel on request |
| Pre-treatment | Three-tank or seven-tank process, specified per project |
| Paint finish | Epoxy-based primer with powder coating, or synthetic enamel |
| Panel layout | Single front or double front (front and rear access) |
| Heat management | Natural ventilation, filtered forced ventilation with exhaust fans, or panel cooling unit |
| Cable entry | Top or bottom, removable gland plate |
| Installation | Indoor; outdoor with weatherproof construction and canopy on request |
| Future extension | Extendable busbar chamber and spare or blank compartments, when specified at design stage |
| Testing | Routine verification in-house on every assembly; customer, consultant and third-party witnessed FAT supported |
AMF vs ATS vs DG Synchronization Panel
These three come up in the same enquiries and are not grades of the same thing. Reading this table before writing the specification saves a change order later.
| Consideration | ATS | AMF panel | DG synchronization panel |
|---|---|---|---|
| What it does | Transfers load between two sources that are already live | Senses mains failure, starts the DG, transfers load | Runs two or more generators in parallel |
| Does it start an engine? | No | Yes | Yes |
| Number of generators | None, or one already running | One | Two or more |
| Do sources run together? | No | No | Yes |
| Engine protections needed | No | Yes | Yes |
| Load sharing | Not applicable | Not applicable | Automatic, kW and kVAr |
| Typical fit | Two utility feeders, or a DG on a separate control | One standby DG behind the mains | Load larger than one set, or N+1 redundancy |
| Cost order | Lowest | Middle | Highest |
When an AMF Panel Is the Right Choice — and When It Is Not
An AMF panel is the right answer when one generator backs up one mains supply and nobody is there to switch it. That covers most standby installations: a factory that must not lose a batch, a hospital wing, a water pumping station, a building with lifts and fire systems. Its value is entirely in unattended operation — if someone is always on site to start the set and throw a changeover, a manual changeover panel does the same job for far less.
It is the wrong choice in two situations. If the load needs more than one generator, or needs a set to be serviceable while the others carry the load, you need a DG synchronization panel — an AMF panel cannot parallel sets, by design. And if the load cannot tolerate the transfer break at all, an AMF panel will not solve it: even a fast changeover interrupts supply for the transfer time, so computers, PLCs and instrumentation still need a UPS behind it.
There is also a supply-quality trap worth naming. On a weak or fluctuating utility supply, default mains-sensing thresholds and short timers make the panel start the engine several times a day for dips that the plant would not have noticed. The thresholds and delays should be set from what your supply actually does, which is why we ask about it at enquiry stage.
What to Send for a AMF Panel Quotation
Send these and every offer you receive will be comparable:
- Single line diagram
- Total load in kW or kVA, and which feeders are essential
- Generator rating, make and controller model
- Mains supply details, and how stable it is in practice
- Changeover device preferred — motorised breakers, contactors or changeover switch
- Acceptable transfer time, and whether any load needs a UPS behind the AMF
- Load shedding required on DG, and the shedding order
- Engine protections and sensors available on the set
- Indoor or outdoor installation, and IP rating
- Remote monitoring or BMS interface required
- System fault level and upstream protection
If you know the supply dips and interruptions your site actually sees, tell us. Timer and threshold settings matter more to how the panel behaves in service than any component choice in it.
Common Mistakes in AMF Panel Specifications
- Assuming an AMF panel removes the need for a UPS. Changeover always breaks supply for the transfer time. Controls, servers and instrumentation still need ride-through.
- Leaving the mains-sensing thresholds at default on a weak supply. The engine then starts for every dip. Set the thresholds and delays from the supply's real behaviour.
- Not stating which loads are non-essential. Without a shedding list the DG is sized for the whole connected load, which is usually far more generator than the site needs.
- Specifying an AMF panel when two generators are planned. An AMF panel cannot parallel sets. If a second set is coming later, say so now — the busbar and the layout change.
- Forgetting the neutral. Whether the changeover switches the neutral, and how the generator is earthed, affects earth-fault protection and is a design decision, not a wiring detail.
- Omitting the fault level from the enquiry. Without it no vendor can size the assembly correctly, and the offers stop being comparable.
- Writing "as per IEC 61439" with no part and no year. The verification evidence a manufacturer submits has to be traceable to a specific standard and configuration.
How Wisdom Techno Solutions Builds AMF Panels
Wisdom Techno Solutions is a licensed partner for three design-verified switchgear platforms — Rittal Ri4Power since 2021, C&S CX since 2023 and Siemens SIEPAN Elite/8PU since 2024. We build inside each system's verified configuration and routine-verify every assembly in-house at our Vadodara, Gujarat facility. Under IEC 61439 the design verification belongs to the system owner and the routine verification to the assembly manufacturer — what that division of responsibility means for a buyer is set out here.
Related Technical Guides
Engineering guides from our team on the calculations and design decisions behind an AMF panel:
- AMF vs ATS vs DG synchronization panel — what is the difference
- 3-pole vs 4-pole ATS — neutral switching, generator earthing and transfer
- DG synchronization panel — working, load sharing, protection and selection
- Electrical load list and transformer / incomer sizing
- Electrical panel earthing and earth busbar design
- Data centre electrical panel design — PCC, ATS, Form 4 and redundancy
- Electrical panel FAT and routine test checklist
- How to prepare an LT panel technical specification and RFQ
Related Panel Types
If this is not the right fit for your layout, these are the alternatives we build to the same standard:
- DG synchronization panels — two or more generators running in parallel with load sharing
- PCC panels — power distribution from the transformer incomer to the plant's outgoing feeders
- PMCC panels — PCC distribution and MCC motor control combined in one assembly
- NVR panels — no-volt release protection for motors and pumps
- APFC panels — automatic power factor correction, sized to the plant's reactive load
- IEC 61439 panels — how design verification and routine verification work under the standard
Send Your Single Line Diagram
Email your single line diagram, load list and system fault level and our engineers will come back with a technical offer. Not sure what to send? See what a panel manufacturer needs in order to quote accurately.
| Manufacturer | Wisdom Techno Solutions |
| Works | Plot 9, Nilkanth Industrial Park 1, near Kotambi Stadium, Kamrol, Kotambi, Vadodara, Gujarat 391510, India |
| connect@wisdomtechnosolutions.com | |
| Phone | +91 80002 29727 |
| Working hours | Monday to Saturday, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm IST |
| Delivery lead time | 6 to 7 weeks from drawing approval, subject to switchgear availability |

